Issue |
A&A
Volume 650, June 2021
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | A104 | |
Number of page(s) | 25 | |
Section | Cosmology (including clusters of galaxies) | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039632 | |
Published online | 15 June 2021 |
The Cluster HEritage project with XMM-Newton: Mass Assembly and Thermodynamics at the Endpoint of structure formation
I. Programme overview
1
AIM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
e-mail: marn.sett@gmail.com
2
INAF, Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio, Via Pietro Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, Italy
3
INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy
4
INAF, IASF-Milano, Via A. Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy
5
Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva, ch. d’Écogia 16, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland
6
CNRS and Sorbonne Université, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, 98bis boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, France
7
Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
8
Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
9
HH Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Ave, Bristol BS8 1TL, UK
10
IRAP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, CNES, UPS, 9 av du colonel Roche, BP 44346, 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
11
Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universitá di Bologna, Via Gobetti 92/3, 40121 Bologna, Italy
12
INAF, Istituto di Radio Astronomia, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
13
Hamburger Sternwarte, Gojenbergsweg 112, 21029 Hamburg, Germany
14
Università degli studi di Roma ‘Tor Vergata’, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
15
Université Côte d’Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, France
16
INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via Tiepolo 11, 34131 Trieste, Italy
17
IFPU – Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe, Via Beirut 2, 34151 Trieste, Italy
18
California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
19
Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
20
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), C/ Vía Láctea s/n, 38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
21
Universidad de La Laguna, Departamento de Astrofísica, C/ Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
22
Dipartimento di Fisica, Sezione di Astronomia, Université di Trieste, Via Tiepolo 11, 34143 Trieste, Italy
23
INFN – Sezione di Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy
24
LUTH, UMR 8102 CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, Université of Paris, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
25
Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, 98bis bd Arago, 75014 Paris, France
26
INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Via E. Bianchi 46, 23807 Merate, Italy
27
Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Universitá di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5-00185 Roma, Italy
28
University Observatory Munich, Scheinerstrasse 1, 81679 Munich, Germany
29
Max-Planck-Institut fuer Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
30
Physics and Astronomy Department, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
31
Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton, NJ 08544-1001, USA
32
Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
33
Institute for Computational Cosmology, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
34
Astrophysics Research Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4041, South Africa
35
School of Mathematics, Statistics & Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4041, South Africa
36
Curtin Institute for Computation, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
37
International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR), Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
38
Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LPSC-IN2P3, 53 avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
39
IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
40
Physics Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
41
INAF, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, 50125 Firenze, Italy
42
Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
43
European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
44
Departamento de Física Teórica and CIAFF, Facultad de Ciencias, Modulo 8, Universidad Autánoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
45
Instituto de Astronomía y Ciencias Planetarias de Atacama (INCT), Universidad de Atacama, Copayapu 485, Copiapó, Chile
46
Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia ‘G. Galilei’, Universitá di Padova, Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 3, 35122 Padova, Italy
47
INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, Italy
48
Observatorio Astronómico Nacional (OAN-IGN), C/ Alfonso XII 3, 28014 Madrid, Spain
Received:
9
October
2020
Accepted:
10
February
2021
The Cluster HEritage project with XMM-Newton – Mass Assembly and Thermodynamics at the Endpoint of structure formation (CHEX-MATE) is a three-mega-second Multi-Year Heritage Programme to obtain X-ray observations of a minimally-biased, signal-to-noise-limited sample of 118 galaxy clusters detected by Planck through the Sunyaev–Zeldovich effect. The programme, described in detail in this paper, aims to study the ultimate products of structure formation in time and mass. It is composed of a census of the most recent objects to have formed (Tier-1: 0.05 < z < 0.2; 2 × 1014 M⊙ < M500 < 9 × 1014 M⊙), together with a sample of the highest mass objects in the Universe (Tier-2: z < 0.6; M500 > 7.25 × 1014 M⊙). The programme will yield an accurate vision of the statistical properties of the underlying population, measure how the gas properties are shaped by collapse into the dark matter halo, uncover the provenance of non-gravitational heating, and resolve the major uncertainties in mass determination that limit the use of clusters for cosmological parameter estimation. We will acquire X-ray exposures of uniform depth, designed to obtain individual mass measurements accurate to 15 − 20% under the hydrostatic assumption. We present the project motivations, describe the programme definition, and detail the ongoing multi-wavelength observational (lensing, SZ, radio) and theoretical effort that is being deployed in support of the project.
Key words: galaxies: clusters: general / galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium / large-scale structure of Universe / dark matter / cosmology: observations
© The CHEX-MATE Collaboration 2021
Open Access article, published by EDP Sciences, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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