Solar survey at Pic du Midi: Calibrated data and improved images

¹ Institut de recherches en astrophysique et planétologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, CNES, UPS, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
e-mail: laurent.koechlin@irap.omp.eu
² Lycée Blaise Pascal, 36 Avenue Carnot, 63037 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex, France
³ Observateurs associés, Rue de la Cau, 65200 Bagnères de Bigorre, France

Received: 20 December 2017
Accepted: 5 September 2019

Abstract

Context. We carry out a solar survey with images of the photosphere, prominences, and corona at Pic du Midi observatory. This survey, named CLIMSO (for CLIchés Multiples du SOleil), is in the following spectral lines: Fe XIII corona (1.075 μm), Hα (656.3 nm), and He I (1.083 μm) prominences, and Hα and Ca II (393.4 nm) photosphere. All frames cover 1.3 times the diameter of the Sun with an angular resolution approaching one arcsecond. The frame rate is one per minute per channel (weather permitting) for the prominences and chromosphere, and one per hour for the Fe XIII corona. This survey started in 2007 for the disk and prominences and in 2015 for the corona. We have almost completed one solar cycle and hope to cover several more, keeping the same wavelengths or adding others.

Aims. We seek to make the CLIMSO images easier to use and more profitable for the scientific community.

Methods. At the beginning of the survey, the images that we sent to the CLIMSO database were not calibrated. We have implemented a photometric calibration for the present and future images, in order to provide “science-ready” data. The old images have been calibrated. We have also improved the contrast capabilities of our coronagraphs, which now provide images of the Fe XIII corona, in addition to previous spectral channels. We also implemented an autoguiding system based on a diffractive Fresnel array for precise positioning of the Sun behind coronagraphic masks.

Results. The data, including the images and films, are publicly available and downloadable through virtual observatories and dedicated websites (use “CLIMSO” and “IRAP” keywords to find them). For the Hα and Ca II channels we calibrate the data into physical units, independent of atmospheric or instrumental conditions; we provide solar maps of spectral radiances in W m⁻² sr⁻¹ nm⁻¹. The instrumental improvements and calibration process are presented in this paper.