GLOSTAR: Radio Source Catalog I. 28° <  ℓ < 36° and |b| < 1°^⋆

¹ Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie (MPIfR), Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
e-mail: smedina@mpifr-bonn.mpg.de
² School of Physical Sciences, University of Kent, Ingram Building, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NH, UK
³ National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO), 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
⁴ Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Koenigstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
⁵ Instituto de Radioastronomía y Astrofísica (IRyA), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Morelia, 58089, Mexico
⁶ Physics Department, New Mexico Tech, 801 Leroy Place, Socorro, NM 87801, USA
⁷ National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 1003 Lopezville Road, PO Box O Socorro, NM 87801, USA
⁸ Department of Earth and Space Science, Indian Institute for Space Science and Tegnology, Trivandrum 695547, India
⁹ Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
¹⁰ Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, University of Oulu, 99600 Sodankylä, Finland

Received: 11 February 2019
Accepted: 20 May 2019

Abstract

Context. Radio continuum surveys of the Galactic plane are an excellent way to identify different source populations such as planetary nebulae, H II regions, and radio stars and characterize their statistical properties. The Global View of Star Formation in the Milky Way (GLOSTAR) survey will study the star formation in the Galactic plane between −2° < ℓ < 85° and |b| < 1° with unprecedented sensitivity in both flux density (∼40 μJy beam⁻¹) and range ofangular scales (∼1".5 to the largest radio structures in the Galaxy).

Aims. In this paper we present the first results obtained from a radio continuum map of a 16-square-degree-sized region of the Galactic plane centered on ℓ = 32° and b = 0° (28° < ℓ < 36° and |b| < 1°). This map has a resolution of 18″ and a sensitivity of ∼60−150 μJy beam⁻¹.

Methods. We present data acquired in 40 h of observations with the VLA in D-configuration. Two 1 GHz wide sub-bands were observed simultaneously and they were centered at 4.7 and 6.9 GHz. These data were calibrated and imaged using the Obit software package. The source extraction was performed using the BLOBCAT software package and verified through a combination of visual inspection and cross-matching with other radio and mid-infrared surveys.

Results. The final catalog consists of 1575 discrete radio sources and 27 large scale structures (including W43 and W44). By cross-matching with other catalogs and calculating the spectral indices (S(ν) ∝ ν^α), we have classified 231 continuum sources as H II regions, 37 as ionization fronts, and 46 as planetary nebulae. The longitude and latitude distribution and negative spectral indices are all consistent with the vast majority of the unclassified sources being extragalactic background sources.

Conclusions. We present a catalog of 1575 radio continuum sources and discuss their physical properties, emission nature, and relation to previously reported data. These first GLOSTAR results have increased the number of reliable H II regions in this part of the Galaxy by a factor of four.