ALMA study of the HD 100453 AB system and the tidal interaction of the companion with the disk^★

¹ CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, IPAG (UMR 5274), 38000 Grenoble, France
e-mail: info@gerritvanderplas.com
² CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ens de Lyon, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon UMR5574, 69230 Saint-Genis-Laval, France
³ Millenium Nucleus Protoplanetary Disks in ALMA Early Science, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 36-D, Santiago, Chile
⁴ Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 36-D, Santiago, Chile
⁵ Monash Centre for Astrophysics (MoCA) and School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton Vic 3800, Australia
⁶ Núcleo de Astronomía, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Diego Portales, Av Ejército 441, Santiago, Chile

Received: 23 August 2018
Accepted: 31 January 2019

Abstract

Context. The complex system HD 100453 AB with a ring-like circumprimary disk and two spiral arms, one of which is pointing to the secondary, is a good laboratory in which to test spiral formation theories.

Aims. We aim to resolve the dust and gas distribution in the disk around HD 100453 A and to quantify the interaction of HD 100453 B with the circumprimary disk.

Methods. Using ALMA band 6 dust continuum and CO isotopologue observations we have studied the HD 100453 AB system with a spatial resolution of 0′′.09 × 0′′.17 at 234 GHz. We used smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations and orbital fitting to investigate the tidal influence of the companion on the disk.

Results. We resolve the continuum emission around HD 100453 A into a disk between 0′′.22 and 0′′.40 with an inclination of 29.5° and a position angle of 151.0°, an unresolved inner disk, and excess mm emission cospatial with the northern spiral arm which was previously detected using scattered light observations. We also detect CO emission from 7 au (well within the disk cavity) out to 1′′.10, overlapping with HD 100453 B at least in projection. The outer CO disk position angle (PA) and inclination differ by up to 10° from the values found for the inner CO disk and the dust continuum emission, which we interpret as due to gravitational interaction with HD 100453 B. Both the spatial extent of the CO disk and the detection of mm emission at the same location as the northern spiral arm are in disagreement with the previously proposed near co-planar orbit of HD 100453 B.

Conclusions. We conclude that HD 100453 B has an orbit that is significantly misaligned with the circumprimary disk. Because it is unclear whether such an orbit can explain the observed system geometry we highlight an alternative scenario that explains all detected disk features where another, (yet) undetected, low mass close companion within the disk cavity, shepherds a misaligned inner disk whose slowly precessing shadows excite the spiral arms.