CARMENES input catalogue of M dwarfs

IV. New rotation periods from photometric time series^⋆

¹ Departamento de Astrofísica y Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 280140 Madrid, Spain
e-mail: enridiez@ucm.es
² Departamento de Explotación y Prospección de Minas, Escuela de Minas, Energía y Materiales, Universidad de Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
³ Observatorio Astronómico Carda, MPC Z76 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
⁴ Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA), Campus ESAC, Camino Bajo del Castillo s/n, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
⁵ Institut für Astrophysik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
⁶ AstroLAB IRIS, Provinciaal Domein “De Palingbeek”, Verbrandemolenstraat 5, 8902 Zillebeke, Ieper, Belgium
⁷ Observatorio Astronómico Naves, (MPC 213) Cabrils, Barcelona, Spain
⁸ Institut de Ciències de l’Espai (CSIC-IEEC), Campus UAB, c/ de Can Magrans s/n, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
⁹ Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
¹⁰ Vereniging Voor Sterrenkunde, Brugge, Belgium & Centre for Mathematical Plasma Astrophysics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200B, bus 2400, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
¹¹ Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC), Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008 Granada, Spain
¹² Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, c/ Vía Láctea s/n, 38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
¹³ Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
¹⁴ Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
¹⁵ Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, Königstuhl 12, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
¹⁶ School of Geosciences, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel

Received: 27 April 2018
Accepted: 4 September 2018

Abstract

Aims. The main goal of this work is to measure rotation periods of the M-type dwarf stars being observed by the CARMENES exoplanet survey to help distinguish radial-velocity signals produced by magnetic activity from those produced by exoplanets. Rotation periods are also fundamental for a detailed study of the relation between activity and rotation in late-type stars.

Methods. We look for significant periodic signals in 622 photometric time series of 337 bright, nearby M dwarfs obtained by long-time baseline, automated surveys (MEarth, ASAS, SuperWASP, NSVS, Catalina, ASAS-SN, K2, and HATNet) and for 20 stars which we obtained with four 0.2–0.8 m telescopes at high geographical latitudes.

Results. We present 142 rotation periods (73 new) from 0.12 d to 133 d and ten long-term activity cycles (six new) from 3.0 a to 11.5 a. We compare our determinations with those in the existing literature; we investigate the distribution of P_rot in the CARMENES input catalogue, the amplitude of photometric variability, and their relation to v sini and pEW(Hα); and we identify three very active stars with new rotation periods between 0.34 d and 23.6 d.