Rotational spectroscopy of the two conformers of 3-methylbutyronitrile (C₄H₉CN) between 2 and 400 GHz^★

¹ I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
² Institut für Physikalische Chemie & Elektrochemie, Gottfried-Wilhelm-Leibniz-Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3A, 30167 Hannover, Germany

Received: 9 March 2018
Accepted: 10 April 2018

Abstract

We present high-resolution rotational spectroscopy of the two conformers of 3-methylbutyronitrile (C₄H₉CN). Spectra were taken between 2 and 24 GHz by means of Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy. Spectra between 36 and 403 GHz were recorded by means of frequency modulated (FM) absorption spectroscopy. The analysis yields precise rotational constants and higher order distortion constants, as well as a set of ¹⁴N nuclear electric quadrupole coupling parameters for each of the two conformers. In addition, quantum chemical calculations were performed in order to assist the assignments. Frequency calculations yield insight into the vibrational energy structure of the two conformers, from which partition functions and vibrational correction factors are determined. These factors are used to determine experimentally and computationally the energy difference between the two conformers, which is revealed to be negligible. Overall, this study provides precise spectroscopic constants for the search of 3-methylbutyronitrile in the interstellar medium. In particular, this molecule is a perfect test case for our knowledge of branched molecule formation in space.