Merging of a CO WD and a He-rich WD to produce a type Ia supernovae

¹ Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650216 Kunming, PR China
e-mail: liudongdong@ynao.ac.cn; wangbo@ynao.ac.cn
² Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650216 Kunming, PR China
³ University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, PR China
⁴ Center for Astronomical Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100012 Beijing, PR China

Received: 26 September 2016
Accepted: 11 July 2017

Abstract

Context. Although type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) play a key role in astrophysics, the companions of the exploding carbon-oxygen white dwarfs (CO WDs) are still not completely identified. It has been suggested recently that a He-rich WD (a He WD or a hybrid HeCO WD) that merges with a CO WD may produce an SN Ia. This theory was based on the double-detonation model, in which the shock compression in the CO core caused by the surface explosion of the He-rich shell might lead to the explosion of the whole CO WD. However, so far, very few binary population synthesis (BPS) studies have been made on the merger scenario of a CO WD and a He-rich WD in the context of SNe Ia.

Aims. We aim to systematically study the Galactic birthrates and delay-time distributions of SNe Ia based on the merger scenario of a CO WD and a He-rich WD.

Methods. We performed a series of Monte Carlo BPS simulations to investigate the properties of SNe Ia from the merging of a CO WD and a He-rich WD based on the Hurley rapid binary evolution code. We also considered the influence of different metallicities on the final results.

Results. From our simulations, we found that no more than 15% of all SNe Ia stem from the merger scenario of a CO WD and a He-rich WD, and their delay times range from ~110 Myr to the Hubble time. This scenario mainly contributes to SN Ia explosions with intermediate and long delay times. The present work indicates that the merger scenario of a CO WD and a He-rich WD can roughly reproduce the birthrates of SN 1991bg-like events, and cover the range of their delay times. We also found that SN Ia birthrates from this scenario would be higher for the cases with low metallicities.