Planck 2015 results

XXVII. The second Planck catalogue of Sunyaev-Zeldovich sources

¹ APC, AstroParticule et Cosmologie, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/lrfu, Observatoire de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
² Academy of Sciences of Tatarstan, Bauman Str., 20, 420111 Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
³ African Institute for Mathematical Sciences, 6−8 Melrose Road, Muizenberg, Cape Town, South Africa
⁴ Agenzia Spaziale Italiana Science Data Center, via del Politecnico snc, 00133 Roma, Italy
⁵ Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LAM (Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille) UMR 7326, 13388 Marseille, France
⁶ Astrophysics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
⁷ Astrophysics & Cosmology Research Unit, School of Mathematics, Statistics & Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, 4000 Durban, South Africa
⁸ Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, ALMA Santiago Central Offices, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, Casilla 763 0355, Santiago, Chile
⁹ CITA, University of Toronto, 60 St. George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada
¹⁰ CNRS, IRAP, 9 Av. colonel Roche, BP 44346, 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
¹¹ CRANN, Trinity College, 2 Dublin, Ireland
¹² California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
¹³ Centre for Theoretical Cosmology, DAMTP, University of Cambridge, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WA, UK
¹⁴ Centro de Estudios de Física del Cosmos de Aragón (CEFCA), Plaza San Juan 1, planta 2, 44001 Teruel, Spain
¹⁵ Computational Cosmology Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
¹⁶ Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
¹⁷ DSM/Irfu/SPP, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
¹⁸ DTU Space, National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Elektrovej 327, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
¹⁹ Département de Physique Théorique, Université de Genève, 24 Quai E. Ansermet, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
²⁰ Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
²¹ Departamento de Física, Universidad de Oviedo, Avda. Calvo Sotelo s/n, 33007 Oviedo, Spain
²² Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 Saint George Street, 38100 Toronto, Ontario, Canada
²³ Department of Astronomy and Geodesy, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str., 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
²⁴ Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
²⁵ Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
²⁶ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Dana and David Dornsife College of Letter, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
²⁷ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
²⁸ Department of Physics, Florida State University, Keen Physics Building, 77 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
²⁹ Department of Physics, Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2a, University of Helsinki, 00560 Helsinki, Finland
³⁰ Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
³¹ Department of Physics, University of Arizona, 1118 E 4th St, Tucson, AZ, 85721, NJ 08540, USA
³² Department of Physics, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California, USA
³³ Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, CA 95616, USA
³⁴ Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois, CA 93106, USA
³⁵ Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia G. Galilei, Università degli Studi di Padova, via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
³⁶ Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, via Saragat 1, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
³⁷ Dipartimento di Fisica, Università La Sapienza, P.le A. Moro 2, 00133 Roma, Italy
³⁸ Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria, 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
³⁹ Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Trieste, via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
⁴⁰ Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
⁴¹ Dipartimento di Matematica, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
⁴² Discovery Center, Niels Bohr Institute, Blegdamsvej 17, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark
⁴³ Dpto. Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
⁴⁴ European Southern Observatory, ESO Vitacura, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, Casilla 19001 Santiago, Chile
⁴⁵ European Space Agency, ESAC, Planck Science Office, Camino bajo del Castillo, s/n, Urbanización Villafranca del Castillo, 28691 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
⁴⁶ European Space Agency, ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, The Netherlands
⁴⁷ Facoltà di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi e-Campus, via Isimbardi 10, 22060 Novedrate (CO), Italy
⁴⁸ GEPI, Observatoire de Paris, Section de Meudon, 5 Place J. Janssen, 92195 Meudon Cedex, France
⁴⁹ Gran Sasso Science Institute, INFN, viale F. Crispi 7, 67100 L’ Aquila, Italy
⁵⁰ HGSFP and University of Heidelberg, Theoretical Physics Department, Philosophenweg 16, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
⁵¹ Helsinki Institute of Physics, Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2, University of Helsinki, 00560 Helsinki, Finland
⁵² INAF–Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, via S. Sofia 78, Catania, Italy
⁵³ INAF–Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
⁵⁴ INAF–Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, via di Frascati 33, 00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy
⁵⁵ INAF–Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, via G.B. Tiepolo 11, 34127 Trieste, Italy
⁵⁶ INAF/IASF Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, 40127 Bologna, Italy
⁵⁷ INAF/IASF Milano, Via E. Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, Italy
⁵⁸ INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Via Irnerio 46, 40126, Bologna, Italy
⁵⁹ INFN, Sezione di Roma 1, Università di Roma Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
⁶⁰ INFN, Sezione di Roma 2, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 1 Roma, Italy
⁶¹ INFN/National Institute for Nuclear Physics, via Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
⁶² IPAG; Institut de Planétologie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble, Université Grenoble Alpes, IPAG; CNRS, IPAG, 38000 Grenoble, France
⁶³ IUCAA, Post Bag 4, Ganeshkhind, Pune University Campus, 411 007 Pune, India
⁶⁴ Imperial College London, Astrophysics group, Blackett Laboratory, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
⁶⁵ Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
⁶⁶ Institut Néel, CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble I, 25 rue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble, France
⁶⁷ Institut Universitaire de France, 103 Bd Saint-Michel, 75005 Paris, France
⁶⁸ Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale, CNRS (UMR8617) Université Paris-Sud 11, Bâtiment 121, 91898 Orsay, France
⁶⁹ Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS (UMR7095), 98 bis Boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, France
⁷⁰ Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK
⁷¹ Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, Blindern, 0371 Oslo, Norway
⁷² Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, C/Vía Láctea s/n, La Laguna, 38205 Tenerife, Spain
⁷³ Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
⁷⁴ Instituto de Física de Cantabria (CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria), Avda. de los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain
⁷⁵ Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica – Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, via Frascati 33, 00040 Monte Porzio Catone (RM), Italy
⁷⁶ Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
⁷⁷ Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California, USA
⁷⁸ Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Alan Turing Building, School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
⁷⁹ Kavli Institute for Cosmology Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HA, UK
⁸⁰ LAL, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Orsay, France
⁸¹ LAPTh, Univ. de Savoie, CNRS, BP 110, 74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France
⁸² LERMA, CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, 61 Avenue de l’Observatoire, 75000 Paris, France
⁸³ Laboratoire AIM, IRFU/Service d’Astrophysique – CEA/DSM – CNRS – Université Paris Diderot, Bât. 709, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
⁸⁴ Laboratoire Traitement et Communication de l’Information, CNRS (UMR 5141) and Télécom ParisTech, 46 rue Barrault, 75634 Paris Cedex 13, France
⁸⁵ Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et Cosmologie, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, 53 rue des Martyrs, 38026 Grenoble Cedex, France
⁸⁶ Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, Université Paris-Sud 11 & CNRS, Bâtiment 210, 91405 Orsay, France
⁸⁷ Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 California, USA
⁸⁸ Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Astro Space Centre, 84/32 Profsoyuznaya st., 117997 Moscow, GSP-7, Russia
⁸⁹ Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1, 85741 Garching, Germany
⁹⁰ Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Giessenbachstraße, 85748 Garching, Germany
⁹¹ McGill Physics, Ernest Rutherford Physics Building, McGill University, 3600 rue University, Montréal, QC, H3A 2T8, Canada
⁹² Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutsky per., 9, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
⁹³ National University of Ireland, Department of Experimental Physics, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
⁹⁴ Niels Bohr Institute, Blegdamsvej 17, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark
⁹⁵ Optical Science Laboratory, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK
⁹⁶ SB-ITP-LPPC, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
⁹⁷ SISSA, AstrophysicsSector, via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
⁹⁸ SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
⁹⁹ School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Queens Buildings, The Parade, Cardiff, CF24 3AA, UK
¹⁰⁰ School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
¹⁰¹ Sorbonne Université-UPMC, UMR7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, 98 bis Boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, France
¹⁰² Space Research Institute (IKI), Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya Str, 84/32, 117997 Moscow, Russia
¹⁰³ Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California, CA 94720 USA
¹⁰⁴ Special Astrophysical Observatory, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhnij Arkhyz, Zelenchukskiy region, 369167 Karachai-Cherkessian Republic, Russia
¹⁰⁵ Sterrewacht Leiden, PO Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
¹⁰⁶ Sub-Department of Astrophysics, University of Oxford, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK
¹⁰⁷ TÜBİTAK National Observatory, Akdeniz University Campus, 07058 Antalya, Turkey
¹⁰⁸ Theory Division, PH-TH, CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
¹⁰⁹ UCLA Astronomy, PO Box 951547, Los Angeles CA 90095-1547, USA
¹¹⁰ UPMC Univ. Paris 06, UMR7095, 98 bis Boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, France
¹¹¹ Universidad Andrés Bello, Dpto. de Ciencias Fisicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, 8370134 Santiago de Chile, Chile
¹¹² Université Denis Diderot (Paris 7), 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
¹¹³ Université de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, IRAP, 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
¹¹⁴ Universities Space Research Association, Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy, MS 232-11, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
¹¹⁵ University Observatory, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Scheinerstrasse 1, 81679 Munich, Germany
¹¹⁶ University of Granada, Departamento de Física Teórica y del Cosmos, Facultad de Ciencias, 18071 Granada, Spain
¹¹⁷ University of Granada, Instituto Carlos I de Física Teórica y Computacional, 18071 Granada, Spain
¹¹⁸ Warsaw University Observatory, Aleje Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland

^⋆ Corresponding author: D. Sutton, e-mail: sutton@ast.cam.ac.uk

Received: 5 February 2015
Accepted: 11 June 2015

Abstract

We present the all-sky Planck catalogue of Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) sources detected from the 29 month full-mission data. The catalogue (PSZ2) is the largest SZ-selected sample of galaxy clusters yet produced and the deepest systematic all-sky surveyof galaxy clusters. It contains 1653 detections, of which 1203 are confirmed clusters with identified counterparts in external data sets, and is the first SZ-selected cluster survey containing >10³ confirmed clusters. We present a detailed analysis of the survey selection function in terms of its completeness and statistical reliability, placing a lower limit of 83% on the purity. Using simulations, we find that the estimates of the SZ strength parameter Y_5R500are robust to pressure-profile variation and beam systematics, but accurate conversion to Y₅₀₀ requires the use of prior information on the cluster extent. We describe the multi-wavelength search for counterparts in ancillary data, which makes use of radio, microwave, infra-red, optical, and X-ray data sets, and which places emphasis on the robustness of the counterpart match. We discuss the physical properties of the new sample and identify a population of low-redshift X-ray under-luminous clusters revealed by SZ selection. These objects appear in optical and SZ surveys with consistent properties for their mass, but are almost absent from ROSAT X-ray selected samples.