Active region upflows

II. Data driven magnetohydrodynamic modelling^⋆

¹ Niels Bohr Institute Geological Museum Østervoldgade 5-7, 1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark
e-mail: kg@nbi.ku.dk
² Armagh Observatory, College Hill, Armagh BT61 9DG, N. Ireland
³ Institute of Physics/IGAM, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
⁴ Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment, Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209 Shandong, PR China

Received: 17 April 2015
Accepted: 17 September 2015

Abstract

Context. Observations of many active regions show a slow systematic outflow/upflow from their edges lasting from hours to days. At present no physical explanation has been proven, while several suggestions have been put forward.

Aims. This paper investigates one possible method for maintaining these upflows assuming, that convective motions drive the magnetic field to initiate them through magnetic reconnection.

Methods. We use Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) data to provide an initial potential 3D magnetic field of the active region NOAA 11123 on 2010 November 13 where the characteristic upflow velocities are observed. A simple 1D hydrostatic atmospheric model covering the region from the photosphere to the corona is derived. Local correlation tracking of the magnetic features in the HMI data is used to derive a proxy for the time dependent velocity field. The time dependent evolution of the system is solved using a resistive 3D magnetohydrodynamic code.

Results. The magnetic field contains several null points located well above the photosphere, with their fan planes dividing the magnetic field into independent open and closed flux domains. The stressing of the interfaces between the different flux domains is expected to provide locations where magnetic reconnection can take place and drive systematic flows. In this case, the region between the closed and open flux is identified as the region where observations find the systematic upflows.

Conclusions. In the present experiment, the driving only initiates magneto-acoustic waves without driving any systematic upflows at any of the flux interfaces.