Issue |
A&A
Volume 581, September 2015
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | A109 | |
Number of page(s) | 12 | |
Section | Cosmology (including clusters of galaxies) | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526289 | |
Published online | 16 September 2015 |
Time variations of narrow absorption lines in high resolution quasar spectra ⋆
1
Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, UMR 7095, Institut
d’Astrophysique de Paris,
75014
Paris,
France
e-mail:
boisse@iap.fr
2
CNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris,
75014
Paris,
France
3
UCO/Lick Observatory, UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA
95064,
USA
4
Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, LAM (Laboratoire d’Astrophysique
de Marseille) UMR 7326, 13388
Marseille,
France
5
Department of Astronomy, University of Chicago,
5640 South Ellis Avenue,
Chicago, IL
60637,
USA
Received: 9 April 2015
Accepted: 28 May 2015
Aims. We have searched for temporal variations of narrow absorption lines in high resolution quasar spectra. A sample of five distant sources were assembled, for which two spectra are available, either VLT/UVES or Keck/HIRES, which were taken several years apart.
Methods. We first investigate under which conditions variations in absorption line profiles can be detected reliably from high resolution spectra and discuss the implications of changes in terms of small-scale structure within the intervening gas or intrinsic origin. The targets selected allow us to investigate the time behaviour of a broad variety of absorption line systems by sampling diverse environments: the vicinity of active nuclei, galaxy halos, molecular-rich galaxy disks associated with damped Lyα systems, as well as neutral gas within our own Galaxy.
Results. Intervening absorption lines from Mg ii, Fe ii, or proxy species with lines of lower opacity tracing the same kind of (moderately ionised) gas appear in general to be remarkably stable (1σ upper limits as low as 10% for some components on scales in the range 10–100 au), even for systems at zabs ≈ ze. Marginal variations are observed for Mg ii lines towards PKS 1229−021 at zabs = 0.83032; however, we detect no systems that display any change as large as those reported in low resolution SDSS spectra. The lack of clear variations for low β Mg ii systems does not support the existence of a specific population of absorbers made of swept-up gas towards blazars. In neutral or diffuse molecular media, clear changes are seen for Galactic Na i lines towards PKS 1229−02 (decrease in N by a factor of four for one of the five components over 9.7 yr), corresponding to structure on a scale of about 35 au, in good agreement with known properties of the Galactic interstellar medium. Tentative variations are detected for H2J = 3 lines towards FBQS J2340−0053 at zabs = 2.05454 (≃35% change in column density, N, over 0.7 yr in the rest frame), suggesting there is structure at the 10 au-scale for this warm molecular gas. A marginal change is also seen in C i from another velocity component of the same absorption system (≃70% variation in N(C i).
Key words: quasars: absorption lines / ISM: structure
© ESO, 2015
Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.
Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.
Initial download of the metrics may take a while.