Dynamical star-disk interaction in the young stellar system V354 Monocerotis^⋆

¹ Departamento de Física – ICEx – UFMG, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
e-mail: nath@fisica.ufmg.br
² UJF-Grenoble 1/CNRS-INSU, Institut de Planétologie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG) UMR 5274, 38041 Grenoble, France
³ CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília DF 70040-020, Brazil
⁴ European Space Agency, 8-10 rue Mario Nikis, 75738 Paris Cedex 15, France
⁵ Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo G.S. Vaiana, Piazza del Parlamento 1, 90134 Palermo, Italy

Received: 11 December 2013
Accepted: 9 May 2014

Abstract

Aims. The main goal of this work is to characterize the mass accretion and ejection processes of the classical T Tauri star V354 Mon, a member of the young stellar cluster NGC 2264.

Methods. In March 2008, photometric and spectroscopic observations of V354 Mon were obtained simultaneously with the CoRoT satellite, the 60 cm telescope at the Observatório Pico dos Dias (LNA, Brazil) equipped with a CCD camera and Johnson/Cousins BV(RI)_c filters, and the SOPHIE échelle spectrograph at the Observatoire de Haute-Provence (CNRS, France).

Results. The light curve of V354 Mon shows periodical minima (P = 5.26 ± 0.50 days) that vary in depth and width at each rotational cycle. The BV(RI)_c observations indicate that the system becomes slightly bluer as the flux increases. The spectra of this T Tauri star exhibit variable emission lines, with blueshifted and redshifted absorption components associated with a disk wind and with the accretion process, respectively, confirming the magnetospheric accretion scenario. From the analysis of the photometric and spectroscopic data, it is possible to identify correlations between the emission line variability and the light-curve modulation of the young system, such as the occurrence of pronounced redshifted absorption in the Hα line at the epoch of minimum flux. This is evidence that during photometric minima we see the accretion funnel projected onto the stellar photosphere in our line of sight, implying that the hot spot coincides with the light-curve minima. We applied models of cold and hot spots and a model of occultation by circumstellar material to investigate the source of the observed photometric variations.

Conclusions. We conclude that nonuniformly distributed material in the inner part of the circumstellar disk is the main cause of the photometric modulation, which does not exclude the presence of hot and cold spots at the stellar surface. It is believed that the distortion in the inner part of the disk is created by the dynamical interaction between the stellar magnetosphere, inclined with respect to the rotation axis, and the circumstellar disk, as also observed in the classical T Tauri star AA Tau and predicted by magnetohydrodynamical numerical simulations.