Explosion and nucleosynthesis of low-redshift pair-instability supernovae^⋆

¹ Argelander-Institut für Astronomie, Universität Bonn, Auf dem Hügel 71, 53121 Bonn, Germany
e-mail: kozyreva@astro.uni-bonn.de
² Astronomy Program, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Seoul National University, 151-742 Seoul, Republic of Korea

Received: 14 February 2014
Accepted: 24 May 2014

Abstract

Context. Both recent observations and stellar evolution models suggest that pair-instability supernovae (PISNe) could occur in the local Universe, at metallicities below ≲Z_⊙/3. Previous PISN models were mostly produced at very low metallicities in the context of the early Universe.

Aims. We present new PISNe models at a metallicity of Z = 0.001, which are relevant for the local Universe.

Methods. We took previously published self-consistent stellar evolutionary models of pair-instability progenitors with initial masses of 150 M_⊙ and 250 M_⊙ at metallicity of Z = 0.001 and followed the evolution of these models through the supernova explosions, using a hydrodynamics stellar evolution code with an extensive nuclear network including 200 isotopes.

Results. In both models the stars explode as PISNe without leaving a compact stellar remnant. Our models produce a nucleosynthetic pattern that is generally similar to that of Population III PISN models, which is mainly characterized by the production of large amounts of α-elements and a strong deficiency of the odd-charged elements. However, the odd-even effect in our models is significantly weaker than that found in Population III models. The comparison with the nucleosynthetic yields from core-collapse supernovae at a similar metallicity (Z = 0.002) indicates that PISNe could have strongly influenced the chemical evolution below Z ≈ 0.002, assuming a standard initial mass function. The odd-even effect is predicted to be most prominent for the intermediate-mass elements between silicon and calcium.

Conclusions. With future observations of chemical abundances in Population II stars, our result can be used to constrain the number of PISNe that occurred during the past evolution of our Galaxy.