Diversity of supernovae Ia determined using equivalent widths of Si II 4000

CENTRA - Centro Multidisciplinar de Astrofísica, IST, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049 Lisbon, Portugal e-mail: arsenije@ist.utl.pt

Received: 25 July 2008
Accepted: 17 September 2008

Abstract

Spectroscopic and photometric properties of low and high-z supernovae Ia (SNe Ia) have been analyzed in order to achieve a better understanding of their diversity and to identify possible SN Ia sub-types. We use wavelet transformed spectra in which one can easily measure spectral features. We investigate the Si II 4000 equivalent width (EW_w{Si II}). The ability and, especially, the ease in extending the method to SNe at high-z is demonstrated. We applied the method to 110 SNe Ia and found correlations between EW_w{Si II} and parameters related to the light-curve shape for 88 supernovae with available photometry. No evidence for evolution of EW_w{Si II} with redshift is seen. Three sub-classes of SNe Ia were confirmed using an independent cluster analysis with only light-curve shape, colour, and EW_w{Si II}. SNe from high-z samples seem to follow a similar grouping to nearby objects. The EW_w{Si II} value measured on a single spectrum may point towards SN Ia sub-classification, avoiding the need for expansion velocity gradient calculations.