Online material
Appendix A: Orbital parameters of the comets
In Table A.1, we show the orbital elements of the comets used during the dynamical studies in Sect. 5. They are extracted from JPL Horizons online solar system data.
Orbital parameters of the short-period comets under study.
Appendix B: Dust environment of the comets in the sample
In this Appendix, we present the evolution of the dust parameters versus heliocentric distance for each comet in the sample (Figs. B.1 to B.7). These parameters are dust production rate [kg/s], ejection velocities for particles of r = 1 cm glassy carbon spheres [m/s], the maximum size of the particles [cm], and the power index of the size distribution (δ). Solid red lines correspond to pre-perihelion, and dashed blue lines to post-perihelion.
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Fig. B.1
As in Fig. 4, but for comet 78P/Gehrels 2. |
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Fig. B.2
As in Fig. 4, but for comet 115P/Maury. |
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Fig. B.3
As in Fig. 4, but for comet 118P/Shoemaker-Levy 4. |
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Fig. B.4
As in Fig. 4, but for comet 123P/West-Hartley. |
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Fig. B.5
As in Fig. 4, but for comet 157P/Tritton. |
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Fig. B.6
As in Fig. 4, but for comet 185P/Petriew. |
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Fig. B.7
As in Fig. 4, but for comet P/2011 W2 (Rinner). |
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Appendix C: Comparison between observational data and models
In this Appendix (Figs. C.1 to C.7), we show the comparison between the observational data and the models proposed in Sect. 4, which describe the dust environments of the comets of the sample, as in Fig. 5.
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Fig. C.1
As in Fig. 5, but for comet 78P/Gehrels 2. Isophote fields: a) December 19, 2011. b) January 4, 2012. In both cases the isophote levels are 0.55 × 10-12, 2.65 × 10-13, and 1.35 × 10-13 SDU. |
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Fig. C.2
As in Fig. 5, but for comet 115P/Maury. Isophote fields: July 15, 2011. Isophote levels are 1.00 × 10-13, 3.00 × 10-14, and 1.30 × 10-14 SDU. |
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Fig. C.3
As in Fig. 5, but for comet 118P/Shoemaker-Levy 4. Isophote fields: December 12, 2009. Isophote levels are 1.50 × 10-13, 6.00 × 10-143.50 × 10-14, and 2.00 × 10-14 SDU. |
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Fig. C.4
As in Fig. 5, but for comet 123P/West-Hartley. Isophote fields: a) February 26, 2011. b) March 31, 2011. Isophote levels are 1.00 ×10-13, 0.35 ×10-13, and 0.15 ×10-13 SDU in a) and 1.50 ×10-13, 0.50 ×10-13, and 0.25 ×10-13 SDU in b). |
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Fig. C.5
As in Fig. 5, but for comet 157P/Tritton. Isophote fields: March 10, 2010. Isophote levels are 6.00 × 10-13, 0.75 × 10-13, and 2.65×10-14 SDU. |
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Fig. C.6
As in Fig. 5, but for comet 185P/Petriew. Isophote fields: July 15, 2012. Isophote levels are 1.80 × 10-13, 1.00×10-130.60×10-13, and 0.35 × 10-13 SDU. |
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Fig. C.7
As in Fig. 5, but for comet P/2011 W2 (Rinner). Isophote fields: a) December 22, 2011. b) January 4. In both cases the isophote are 6.00 ×10-14, 2.70 ×10-14, 1.50 ×10-14, and 0.80 ×10-14 SDU. |
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© ESO, 2014