Fig. 1

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Updated Fig. 1 in Boileau et al. (2025), showing the spectral energy density of the SGWB from extragalactic DWDs for the various population synthesis and SFRD models considered in that study. The red, brown, and gold lines represent the SFRD models from Strolger et al. (2004), Madau & Dickinson (2014), and Madau & Fragos (2017), respectively. The black line represents the LISA sensitivity curve (Colpi et al. 2024), while the gray line shows the power-law integrated curve (Thrane & Romano 2013) for four years of observation time and S/N=10. The light blue curve represents the confusion noise from the Galactic DWDs (Robson et al. 2019), and the green band represents the 90% credible interval of the SGWB from all compact object binaries estimated from gravitational wave observations (Abbott et al. 2023). As a comparison, the shaded blue band shows the SGWB from extragalactic DWDs estimated in (Farmer & Phinney 2003), and the pink curve indicates the best-fit model obtained in (Staelens & Nelemans 2024).
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