Panel distortion modes associated with the five-adjuster configuration: x-tilt, y-tilt, symmetrical curvature, and twist. The colored markers indicate the positions of the panel adjusters. h_x and h_y are the separations between the four corner adjusters in the x- and y-directions. δ₀, δ₁, δ₂, δ₃, and δ₄ are the displacement values of the five adjusters along the z-axis. The corresponding adjuster displacements with respect to the ideal positions are shown by the marker colors: red indicates an upward movement, blue a downward movement, and gray no movement.