Streaming instabilities in weakly ionized protoplanetary discs: The ambipolar streaming instability

Open Access

Fig. 4

Instability growth rate as a function of vertical wavenumber ${\tilde{K}}_{z}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[\tilde{K}_{z}\]$$ for different values of the ambipolar Elsasser number Λ_AD, for ${\tilde{K}}_{x} = 10^{3}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[\tilde{K}_{x}=10^{3}\]$$ (upper panel) and ${\tilde{K}}_{x} = 10^{2}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[\tilde{K}_{x}=10^{2}\]$$ (lower panel). The dust-to-gas ratio was fixed to ϵ = 3 and the Stokes number to St = 0.1.

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