Results of LightGBM using the nonparametric indices as input, and trained in the GZ 1 selected spirals and ellipticals. Panels a and b: ROC curve and the precision-recall curve, respectively. Within these two panels, we also add the area under the curve (AUC) and the mean AP. Panel c: calibration curve, highlighting that our method aligns well with the expected 1 to 1 line, ensuring that our method is able to provide calibrated probabilities. Panel d: row-normalized confusion matrix. Panel e: log-loss function. See the text for a description on why there is a difference between the train and validation. Panel f: predicted spiral probability for galaxies in our test subsample. Notably, our method shows high accuracy.