Difference between the observed parallax and the parallax predicted from theoretical (filled circles) and empirical (open circles) PLZ relations for different photometric bands. The equivalent difference in magnitude is also represented in the right-hand axis. Results for the predicted parallax are shown for assumed extinctions from the G19 (black) and L22 (gray) dust maps. Since errors in this parallax difference are dominated by the uncertainty in the observed parallax, they are the same for all points and shown only for one band for guidance. Empirical PLZ relations used are from Narloch et al. (2024, Eq. (8)) for PS1 bands, from Prudil et al. (2024) for I, BP, and RP and from Garofalo et al. (2022) for the G and W_G,BP-RP band. Theoretical relations used are from Marconi et al. (2021) for W_G,BP-RP, Marconi et al. (2015) for I and Marconi et al. (2022) for the LSST r and i bands (assumed here to match the PS1 bands, based on filter transmission curves for both surveys).