Fig. 4.

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Characteristic ZLK timescale (τZLK) for a triple system with an arbitrary tertiary mass (m3) and outer orbital period (Pout). The system includes an inner circular binary with masses m1=m2 = 55 M⊙ and an orbital period of 1.1 d, at a metallicity of Z = 0.00042, evaluated at the ZAMS. The lines indicate different relevant timescales for the inner binary. The dotted white, dashed black, and solid black lines indicate the circularisation (τcirc), synchronisation (τsync), and apsidal tidal (τaps) timescales, respectively. Dark grey indicates dynamically unstable triples.
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