Direction of torque, T̅, for the near-prolate ellipsoid. Torque, T̅, in Eq. (12) is shown with model A and f_EAF = χ_Ai,j,k for region A_i,j,k in Eq. (6). Uniform activity f_EAF = 1 is shown with dotted black lines for the oblate ellipsoid and for the near-prolate ellipsoid. λ_s and ϕ_s denote longitude and latitude for T̅ with respect to the solar basis in Fig. 2. The solar vector, r_s, changes SSL from −45^∘ to 45^∘.