Ejecta mass M_ej (top) and its fraction of the total mass M_ej/(M₁+M₂) (bottom), at 0.5 d after the collision as a function of initial kinetic energy E_kin,coll. We use different markers to distinguish collisions of different masses, while different colors represent different impact parameters. The horizontal dashed lines in the bottom panel correspond to estimates using the fitting formula in Eq. (1). The empty crosses indicate M_ej for giant collisions considered in Ryu et al. (2024b).