Table 1.
Classes of solar inertial modes studied in this paper.
| Mode names used here | Other names | Observed | Propagation direction | North-south symmetry | Linear models |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| on the Sun? | in Carrington frame | of radial vorticity | |||
| n = 0 equatorial Rossby | ... | yes (1–4) | retrograde | symmetric | (1), (7–11) |
| high-latitude inertial | ... | yes (5) | retrograde | both symmetries | (5), (9) |
| HFR | mixed modes | yes (6) | retrograde | anti-symmetric | (11–13) |
| n = 1 equatorial Rossby | mixed modes | maybe (4) | retrograde | symmetric | (9), (11–12) |
| prograde columnar | thermal Rossby; Busse columns | not yet | prograde | anti-symmetric | (9), (14–18) |
Notes. (1) Löptien et al. (2018); (2) Liang et al. (2019); (3) Proxauf et al. (2020); (4) Hanson & Hanasoge (2024); (5) Gizon et al. (2021); (6) Hanson et al. (2022); (7) Gizon et al. (2020b); (8) Fournier et al. (2022); (9) Bekki et al. (2022b); (10) Triana et al. (2022); (11) Bhattacharya & Hanasoge (2023); (12) Jain et al. (2024); (13) Bekki (2024); (14) Roberts (1968); (15) Busse (1970); (16) Glatzmaier & Gilman (1981); (17) Hindman & Jain (2022); (18) Hindman & Jain (2023). HFR stands for high-frequency retrograde.
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