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Table 1

Stellar information of the sample of C-rich stars in this work.

Source name α(J2000) δ(J2000) Type Distance VLSR$V_{\mathrm{LSR}}^{*}$ Vexp Period
(hh: mm: ss) (dd: mm: ss) (pc) (km s−1) (km s−1) (10−7 M yr−1) (day)
IRC+10216 (CW Leo) (a) 09:47:57.40 13:16:43.5 M 140 −26.5 18 200−400 630
CIT 6 (RW LMi) (a) 10:16:02.28 30:34:18.9 M 460 −2 15 26−140 617
Y CVn (b) 12:45:07.82 45:26:24.9 SRb 220 +22 7 1.5 268
S Cep (b) 21:35:12.82 78:37:28.2 M 380 −15.3 22.5 12 484
IRC+50096 (V 384 Per) (b) 03:26:29.51 47:31:48.6 M 560 −16.8 15.5 23 535
V Cyg (b) 20:41:18.27 48:08:28.8 M 366 +13.5 12 16 421
CRL 3068 (LL Peg) (b) 23:19:12.39 17:11:35.4 M 1300 −31.5 14.5 250 696
II Lup (IRAS 15194-5115) (a) 15:23:05.07 −51:25:58.7 M 640 −15 23 100 576

Notes. Columns 1–3 list the names and coordinates of sources (the top four sources with SOFIA observations). Column 4 list the variability type: M (Mira) and SR (Semi-regular), as adopted from Ramstedt & Olofsson (2014), with the type for S Cep taken from the American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO; https://www.aavso.org/). Columns 5–8 provide the distance, the stellar LSR velocity (VLSR$V_{\text{LSR}}^{*}$), the terminal expansion velocity of the envelope (Vexp), the mass-loss rate () and the stellar pulsation period, respectively. (a) Stellar parameters for IRC+10216, CIT 6, and II Lup are adopted from Menten et al. (2018), and the distances derived from the Mira period-luminosity relation are used in this work. We caution that the adopted VLSR$V_{\text{LSR}}^{*}$ may be slightly overestimated as the contribution from microturbulence has not been subtracted. (b) Stellar parameters for Y CVn, S Cep, IRC+50096, V Cyg, and CRL 3068 are adopted from Massalkhi et al. (2018), except for their stellar pulsation periods that are derived from the AAVSO.

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