Constraints on the velocity dispersion and enclosed mass of FCC 224. Left: Stellar velocity dispersion of stars and GCs in FCC 224 (orange), DF2 (green) and DF4 (purple) compared to two models indicated by shades: (1) No DM within the galaxies, and (2) a normal DM halo as predicted by the stellar mass–halo mass relation (Moster et al. 2013). In both panels, the measurements from the stars are shown in star markers and from the GCs in circles Right: Comparison of the dynamical and stellar masses within 1 R_e for the three DM-deficient galaxies, showing that all three lie near the predicted line for galaxies with a DM fraction close to zero.