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Table 2.
Timing of the main solar phenomena and inferred SEP injection times tinj. All times shifted to 1 au on 2022 January 20.
| Time (UT) | Observer / Instr. | Feature | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| At 1 au | |||
| 05:51 | SDO/AIA | Early phase of the eruption | Observed by 131 Å & 94 Å |
| 05:52 | SDO/AIA | EUV wave formation | Observed until 06:09, 373 km s−1 |
| 05:52 ± 8 min | STEREO-A/SEPT | tinj using electron onsets | VDA (L = 2.3 ± 0.5 au) |
| 05:54 | Fermi/GBM | 1st nonthermal HXR peak (> 300 keV) | Several peaks until 06:00 UT |
| 05:55 ± 1 min | SDO/AIA | EUV wave intersects western leg ICME on Jan. 16 | Details given in Sect. 5.1 |
| 05:55 | SDO/AIA | Shock wave at 1.27 R⊙ | Well-formed bubble over the west limb |
| 05:55 | Ground b./ ASSA&YAM. | TIIa onset | From 250 to 100 MHz, 340 km s−1 |
| 05:55 | Ground b./ ASSA&YAM. | TIIb onset | Observed during 10 min to 16 MHz, 1400 km s−1 |
| 05:55:40 | Ground b./ ASSA&YAM. | TIIIs | Until 05:58 UT. Partly emanating from HBs |
| 05:56 ± 4 min | SolO/EPT&HET | tinj using both proton and electron onsets | VDA (L = 2.6 ± 0.1 au) |
| 05:56:30 | Ground b./ ASSA&YAM. | HBs | Until 06:00 within 80 to 50 MHz |
| 05:57 | Fermi/GBM | Max. nonthermal HXR peak (> 300 keV) | Co-temporal with TIIb and TIIIs |
| 05:58 ± 1 min | SOHO/LAS. & STA/COR | 1st 3D shock intersection with SolO | θBn = 84° at 1.47 R⊙ |
| 06:00 ± 1 min | SOHO/LAS. & STA/COR | 1st 3D shock intersection w/ near-Earth & STA | θBn = 82° at 1.38 R⊙ & θBn = 71° at 1.39 R⊙ |
| 06:02 ± 4 min | SOHO/ERNE & Wind/3DP | tinj using both proton and electron onsets | VDA (L = 1.4 ± 0.1 au) |
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