Thermal stability plots, depicting electron temperature as a function of the ionization parameter Ξ for different values CR ionization rate, 10⁻¹⁴ s⁻¹,  10⁻¹³ s⁻¹,  10⁻¹² s⁻¹ illustrated with purple, blue and green lines respectively. The upper x-axis shows the corresponding values for the ionization parameter U. (a) T_e in AGN models for n_H = 100 cm⁻³. (b) T_e in SF models for n_H = 100 cm⁻³.