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Fig. 1.

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Illustrative spectral time series for two SNe Ib (SN2023ljf and SN2022nyo) presented in this work. The flux fλ, measured in units of erg s−1 cm−2 Å−1, is normalized, and an offset is added to enhance the visualization of the temporal evolution of the spectra. The smoothed spectra (produced following the procedure described in Appendix B of Liu et al. 2016), shown as solid black lines, are highlighted in the foreground, while the reduced spectra before smoothing are in purple in the background. Dashed vertical lines mark the HeI 4471, HeI 5876, HeI 6678, HeI 7065, Hα 6563, and OI 7774 lines, and the phases are relative to the date of the V-band maximum (tVmax). We note that we manually removed galaxy emission lines from the spectra at tVmax = −13.8 d and −4.1 d of SN 2022nyo. Spectral time-series for all eight SNe Ib is shown in Figure A.1.

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