Time evolution of the frequency phase space with a time step of 1 Gyr for the simulation run DM_19_1000. The light blue curve indicates the epicycle approximation. Displayed resonances include spiral arms co-rotation resonances m = p = 1 and m = 3, p = 5 (thick and thin grey dashed lines respectively), co-rotation resonance m = 2, p = 1 with the superposition of the spiral arms and the galactic bar (blue dashed line), ILRs and OLRs with the spiral arms (thick solid grey lines), OLR with the galactic bar (thick green solid line), spiral arms resonances l = −1, m = p = 4 and I = −1, m = p = 3 (thin grey solid lines).