JOYS+ study of solid-state 12C/13C isotope ratios in protostellar envelopes - Observations of CO and CO2 ice with the James Webb Space Telescope

Open Access

Fig. 11

Distribution of the ¹²CO₂/¹³CO₂ isotope ratio. The filled orange bars show the distribution of the carbon isotope ratios determined for the JOYS+ sample. These ratios were extracted from the 15.2 µm bending mode. The striped purple bars show the distribution of the carbon isotope ratio derived for the ISO high-mass sources (Boogert et al. 2000).

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