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Table 3

Flare parameters for Teegarden’s star from XMM-Newton flares.

Parameter Flare III Flare IV
Time of flare peak (U band, UT) 18:40:50 20:49:50
Time of flare peak (X-ray, UT) 18:42:30 n.a.
Rise time (s; U band) ≈10 5
Rise time (s; X-ray) 100 n.a.
Decay time (s; U band) 390
Decay time (s; X-ray) 175 5
U band rate (at peak, cts/s) 55 37
U band luminosity (at peak, erg s−1) 1.25 × 1028 8.4 × 1027
X-ray rate (EPIC, at peak, cts/s) 0.7 n.a.
X-ray luminosity (at peak, erg s−1 ) ≈9 × 1026 n.a.
Total count U band 1488 196
Total net count X-ray ≈120 <6
Total X-ray fluence (erg) 1.6 × 1029 <9 × 1026
Total U band fluence (erg) 3.4 × 1029 4.3 × 1028

Tflare = 15 000 K
Peak flare flux (erg s−1) 1.1 × 1029 7.2 × 1028
Total flare energy (erg) 2.9 × 1030 3.8 × 1029
Flare area (cm2) 3.7 × 1016 2.5 × 1016

Tflare = 8000 K
Peak flare flux (erg s−1) 1.0 × 1029 6.9 × 1028
Total flare energy (erg) 2.8 × 1030 3.7 × 1029
Flare area (cm2) 4.4 × 1017 3.0 × 1017

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