Flowchart illustrating the processing flow of BANNJOS. Central components are represented by yellow rhombuses, while inputs and outputs are indicated by rounded rectangles. The procedure commences with the training data (depicted in blue, located at the top-left) and the options (illustrated in light blue, positioned at the top-right), which govern the behavior of BANNJOS. Throughout the chart, colors show the data type: light blue for options or variables controlling the process, green for training data, orange for the test sample, and red for the data on which predictions are intended to be made. An general description of BANNJOS can be found in Sect. 2. More detailed information about the main processing stages of BANNJOS applied to J-PLUS can be found in Section.