Multiple-scale gas infall through gravity torques on Milky Way twins

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Table 3.

Maximum and minimum values with their associated radii of the torque and relative maxima of non-axisymmetric potential curves (Q₂ and Q_T).

Galaxy	Radius (kpc)	dL/L in one rotation	Radius (kpc)	Qmax (m = 2)	Radius (kpc)	Qmax (Total)
NGC 1300 (a)	$\begin{matrix} 0.33 \\ 0.53 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.33\\ 0.53\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.025 \\ - 0.063 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.025\\ -0.063\\ \end{array}$	0.5	0.11 B	0.234	0.061 R

NGC 1300 (b)	$\begin{matrix} 0.083 \\ 0.4 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.083\\ 0.4\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.084 \\ - 0.237 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.084\\ -0.237\\ \end{array}$	0.68	0.013 B	$\begin{matrix} 0.21 \\ 0.747 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.21\\ 0.747\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.034 R \\ 0.031 B \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.034 R\\ 0.031 B\\ \end{array}$

NGC 1300 (c)	–	–	2.66	0.143 B	3.04	0.359 B

NGC 1300 (d)	–	–	3.55	0.222 B	3.55	0.567 B

NGC 1792 (a)	$\begin{matrix} 0.09 \\ 0.208 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.09 \\ 0.208\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} - 0.145 \\ 0.148 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}-0.145 \\ 0.148\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.276 \\ 0.473 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.276\\ 0.473\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.265 S \\ 0.208 S \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.265 S \\ 0.208 S\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.276 \\ 0.473 \\ 0.83 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.276\\ 0.473 \\ 0.83\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.255 S \\ 0.21 S \\ 0.10 S \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.255 S\\ 0.21 S\\ 0.10 S\\ \end{array}$

NGC 1792 (b)	$\begin{matrix} 0.2 \\ 1.07 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.2 \\ 1.07\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} - 0.225 \\ 0.261 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} -0.225\\ 0.261\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.37 \\ 1.56 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.37\\ 1.56\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.026 S \\ 0.042 S \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.026 S\\ 0.042 S\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 1.07 \\ 1.96 \\ 2.84 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}1.07\\ 1.96\\ 2.84\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.25 S \\ 0.24 S \\ 0.20 S \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.25 S\\ 0.24 S\\ 0.20 S\\ \end{array}$

NGC 2903 (a)	$\begin{matrix} 0.387 \\ 0.596 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.387\\ 0.596\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.444 \\ - 0.022 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.444\\ -0.022\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.13 \\ 0.53 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.13\\ 0.53\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.135 R \\ 0.024 S \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.135 R\\ 0.024 S\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.324 \\ 0.634 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.324\\ 0.634\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.177 R \\ 0.141 S \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.177 R\\ 0.141 S\\ \end{array}$

NGC 2903 (b)	$\begin{matrix} 0.025 \\ 0.314 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.025\\ 0.314\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} - 0.892 \\ 0.578 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} -0.892\\ 0.578\\ \end{array}$	0.12	0.116 S	$\begin{matrix} 0.093 \\ 0.263 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.093\\ 0.263\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.470 S \\ 0.167 S \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.470 S\\ 0.167 S\\ \end{array}$

NGC 2903 (c)	$\begin{matrix} 0.359 \\ 1.62 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.359\\ 1.62\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.336 \\ - 0.077 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.336\\ -0.077\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.424 \\ 1.71 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.424\\ 1.71\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.051 R \\ 0.009 S \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.051 R\\ 0.009 S\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.53 \\ 1.55 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.53\\ 1.55\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.091 R \\ 0.059 S \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.091 R\\ 0.059 S\\ \end{array}$

NGC 2903 (d)	$\begin{matrix} 1.32 \\ 2.44 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 1.32\\ 2.44\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.86 \\ - 1 . \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.86\\ -1.\\\end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.42 \\ 2.32 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.42\\ 2.32\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 1.11 S \\ 0.057 B \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}1.11 S\\ 0.057 B\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.42 \\ 2.32 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.42\\ 2.32\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.505 S \\ 0.257 B \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.505 S\\ 0.257 B\\ \end{array}$

NGC 3059	$\begin{matrix} 0.435 \\ 0.932 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.435\\ 0.932\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.592 \\ - 1 . \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.592\\ -1.\\ \end{array}$	0.26	0.33 B	$\begin{matrix} 0.24 \\ 0.74 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.24\\ 0.74\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.928 B \\ 0.53 B \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.928 B\\ 0.53 B\\ \end{array}$

NGC 4303 (a)	$\begin{matrix} 0.037 \\ 0.96 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.037 \\ 0.96\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.134 \\ - 0.835 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.134 \\ -0.835\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.09 \\ 1.72 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.09\\ 1.72\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.033 R \\ 0.1 B \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.033 R\\ 0.1 B\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.15 \\ 1.69 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.15\\ 1.69\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.091 R \\ 0.217 B \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.091 R\\ 0.217 B\\ \end{array}$

NGC 4303 (b)	$\begin{matrix} 0.26 \\ 0.67 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.26\\ 0.67\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.77 \\ - 1 . \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.77\\ -1.\\ \end{array}$	1.92	0.18 B	1.93	0.46 B

NGC 4321 (a)	$\begin{matrix} 0.57 \\ 1.19 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.57\\ 1.19\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.168 \\ - 0.273 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.168\\ -0.273\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.303 \\ 0.605 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.303\\ 0.605\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.086 R \\ 0.084 B \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.086 R \\ 0.084 B\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.31 \\ 0.67 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.31\\0.67\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.267 R \\ 0.18 B \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.267 R\\ 0.18 B\\ \end{array}$

NGC 4321 (b)	$\begin{matrix} 0.61 \\ 1.12 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.61\\ 1.12\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.24 \\ - 0.35 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.24\\ -0.35\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.65 \\ 3.46 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.65\\ 3.46\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.103 B \\ 0.054 B \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.103 B\\0.054 B\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.68 \\ 4.05 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.68\\ 4.05\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.194 B \\ 0.08 B \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.194 B\\ 0.08 B\\ \end{array}$

NGC 4536 (a)	$\begin{matrix} 0.23 \\ 1.29 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.23\\ 1.29\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.03 \\ - 0.874 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.03\\ -0.874\\ \end{array}$	0.252	0.201 B	1.07	0.118 B

NGC 4536 (b)	$\begin{matrix} 1.21 \\ 2.61 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}1.21\\ 2.61\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} - 1 . \\ 0.459 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}-1.\\ 0.459\\ \end{array}$	2.49	0.145 B	2.56	0.325 B

NGC 4689 (a)	$\begin{matrix} 0.08 \\ 0.25 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.08\\0.25\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.47 \\ - 0.148 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.47\\ -0.148\\ \end{array}$	0.204	0.049 R	0.63	0.150 S

NGC 4689 (b)	$\begin{matrix} 0.1 \\ 1.04 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.1\\1.04\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.5 \\ - 0.112 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.5\\ -0.112\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.298 \\ 1.33 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.298\\ 1.33\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.039 R \\ 0.02 S \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.039 R \\ 0.02 S\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.556 \\ 1.75 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.556\\ 1.75\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.135 R \\ 0.66 S \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.135 R \\ 0.66 S\\ \end{array}$

NGC 5248 (a)	$\begin{matrix} 0.369 \\ 0.62 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.369\\0.62\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} - 0.264 \\ 0.04 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} -0.264\\ 0.04\\ \end{array}$	0.124	0.071 R	$\begin{matrix} 0.17 \\ 0.465 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.17\\ 0.465\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.325 R \\ 0.204 B \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.325 R\\ 0.204 B\\ \end{array}$

NGC 5248 (b)	$\begin{matrix} 0.03 \\ 0.193 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 0.03\\ 0.193\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} - 1 . \\ 0.791 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} -1.\\ 0.791\\ \end{array}$	0.11	0.077 R	$\begin{matrix} 0.164 \\ 0.41 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.164\\ 0.41\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.325 B \\ 0.208 B \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.325 B\\ 0.208 B\\ \end{array}$

NGC 5248 (c)	$\begin{matrix} 1.87 \\ 3.08 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} 1.87\\ 3.08\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} - 0.681 \\ 0.322 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c} -0.681\\ 0.322\\ \end{array}$	0.113	0.071 R	$\begin{matrix} 0.155 \\ 0.423 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.155\\ 0.423\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.325 R \\ 0.204 B \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.325 R\\ 0.204 B\\ \end{array}$

NGC 5921	$\begin{matrix} 0.212 \\ 0.511 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.212\\ 0.511\\ \end{array}$	$\begin{matrix} 0.39 \\ - 0.701 \end{matrix}$ $\begin{array}{c}0.39\\ -0.701\\ \end{array}$	0.13	0.090 B	0.13	0.18 B

Notes. The letters B, S and R are indication for Bars, Spirals and Rings. The corresponding set of observations for each galaxy is indicated following the same pattern as in Figs. 2–9.

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