Minimum mass vs. orbital period diagram for known planets from the NASA Exoplanet archive as of December 2023 orbiting solar-type stars, together with those discovered and confirmed using ESPRESSO (green circles). Confirmed planet Barnard b (red), and planet candidates (purple) from the 4-planet candidate system orbiting Barnard’s star, together with the two planets orbiting Proxima Cen, Proxima b (yellow) and d (blue) are highlighted. Planets of the solar system (grey circles) are also labelled. Inclined solid and dashed lines show the RV semi- amplitude of planets orbiting a late M dwarf star with 0.25 M_⊙ and a G dwarf star with 1 M_⊙ star assuming a RV semi-amplitude of 1 cm s⁻¹ (green line) and 10 cm s⁻¹ (blue line), respectively, and null eccentricity.