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Table C.1.

The integral fluence FP of the extreme SEP events and the resulting VCME per integral energy.

F(E>30MeV)* v(E>30MeV)** F(E>60MeV)* v(E>60MeV)** F(E>100MeV)* v(E>100MeV)**
[cm−2] [km/s] [cm−2] [km/s] [cm−2] [km/s]
1.57⋅1011 3422 4.90⋅1010 3866 2.04⋅1010 4530
994 CE 1.16⋅1011 3242 3.90⋅1010 3706 1.72⋅1010 4383
6.30⋅1010 2907 3.20⋅1010 3573 1.42⋅1010 4223

3.10⋅1011 3864 1.12⋅1011 4506 4.76⋅1010 5341
775 CE 2.42⋅1011 3697 9.40⋅1010 4362 4.13⋅1010 5195
1.73⋅1011 3482 7.50⋅1010 4183 3.52⋅1010 5037

4.06⋅1011 4054 1.36⋅1011 4671 5.45⋅1010 5483
660 BCE 2.41⋅1011 3694 9.90⋅1010 4404 4.38⋅1010 5255
1.34⋅1011 3326 6.80⋅1010 4108 3.41⋅1010 5006

2.12⋅1011 3610 9.50⋅1010 4371 4.89⋅1010 5369
7176 BCE 1.62⋅1011 3441 7.80⋅1010 4214 4.01⋅1010 5166
9.00⋅1010 3098 4.30⋅1010 3774 2.37⋅1010 4664

Notes. Column 1 gives the extreme SEP events. Columns 2, 4 & 6 provide the integral fluence FP values for E > 30MeV, E > 60MeV and E > 100MeV taken from Koldobskiy et al. (2023). Those correspond to a mean value with an upper and lower limit per event. These columns are marked with an (*). Columns 3, 5 & 7 represented the derived VCME directly obtained from Eqs. C.2, C.4, and C.6, per integral energy, respectively. The range of values considering all the integral fluence values FP are: lower limit range: 2907 km/s - 5037 km/s, mean range: 3242 km/s - 5255 km/s; upper limit range: 3422 km/s - 5483 km/s.

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