Temporal evolution of magnetic properties of NOAA AR 12962. Top to bottom: a) Blue lines represent the instantaneous values of the relative magnetic helicity estimated from the CB method. The over-plotted orange curve and green error bars are the running averages of the estimated values over a 48-minute window, with the standard deviation of each 48-minute moving average, respectively. b) Red dots represent the base difference intensity of the darkest region within the dimming. c) The blue curve represents GOES 1–8 Å X-ray flux 1-minute data. In all panels, vertically dashed black lines indicate the dimming start and peak time, and the orange line represents the GOES flare peak time.