Locations of Langmuir waves that were identified during the PSP VGAs. The PSP trajectories are all shown in light blue and the location of PSP is highlighted in red at times that Langmuir waves were identified. Subplot a shows the locations of all Langmuir waves that were identified in near-Venus space, while subplot b details the location of the waves nearest to the planet. Both subplots are in the XY_VSO plane and include the Martinecz et al. (2009) bow shock model for reference. Subplot b additionally includes the models for the induced magnetosphere boundary (1MB) and ionopause from Martinecz et al. (2009).