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Fig. 8

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Distribution of the detected X-ray luminosity as a function of the stellar effective temperature. The blue line shows the log LX/Lbol = −3 saturation limit. The orange line is −4 and green is −5. The Kepler-18 data point is an Einstein 1ks exposure-time detection from 1979. Later XMM-slew surveys with much lower exposure times found an upper limit indicated by the red arrow.

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