Distribution of metal-silicate mixture at the end of simulations. Shown are the cross-sections of the largest impact remnants in different impact regimes, which are in the plane of the projectile trajectory. The materials and sources of the particles forming metal-silicate mixture are colour-coded (see legend): the projectile’s metal is red, the projectile’s silicate is yellow, the target’s metal is dark blue, and the target’s silicate is light blue. Each coloured particle was identified by calculating the metal mass fraction (within 0.3–0.7) and Moran’s I (I < E(I)) of its nearest 50 particles. Particles that did not form metal-silicate mixture are in transparent gray. The initial conditions of the impacts are the same as those in Fig. 1.