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Table 1

Ground truth and initial guess.

M [106 M] R0 [pc] p0 [AU] e0 [1] ι0 [°] Ω0 [°] ω0 [°] f0 [°] mi [M]
GT 4.297 8277 225.271 0.88441 −134.70 228.19 66.25 −180 Sect. 2.3
IG1 Fixed Fixed GT GT GT GT GT GT 0
IG2 Fixed Fixed GT ± 0.0131 GT ± 6 × 10−6 GT ± 0.003 GT ± 0.003 GT ± 0.003 GT 0
IG3 Fixed Fixed GT ± 0.1310 GT ± 6 × 105 GT ± 0.030 GT ± 0.030 GT ± 0.030 GT 0

Notes. GT = ground truth. IG = initial guess. Where IG is given as an interval, it is understood as a normal distribution with mean ± standard deviation from which the initial guess is drawn. For p0, e0, ι0, Ω0, and ω0, we take the observational best-fit values of GRAVITY Collaboration (2022, Table B.1) for GT and the corresponding parameter uncertainties as standard deviations for IG3, and 1/10 thereof for IG2. Our inclination has the opposite sign to that of our source due to different conventions (Heißel et al. 2022, Appendix C). For simplicity, we do not fit but fix the values for M and R0. Without loss of generality, we choose our initial orbit of the GT to osculate at the apocentre (f0 = −180°). The fact that we do not vary the IG for f0 does not compromise our procedure since its value still varies during the fitting process.

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