Fig. 5.

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Dynamical planes. Target stars (coloured filled symbols) are presented in several planes. Top panels: E vs. LZ (right, orbital energy versus the vertical component of the angular momentum), VR vs. VT (middle, radial versus transversal velocity component in galactocentric cylindrical coordinates) and VT vs. (left, Toomre diagram: transversal velocity component, versus a combination of the radial and vertical velocity components in galactocentric cylindrical coordinates). Bottom panels: (JZ − JR)/Jtot vs. Jϕ/Jtot (right, action diamond, where: Jtot = |Jϕ|+JR + JZ, the box is the region used to select Seq candidates),
vs. Jϕ = LZ (middle, square root of the radial action versus the vertical component of the angular momentum, the box indicates the region of the plane used to select GSE candidates), orbital eccentricity vs. LZ (left). Grey dots are stars of the “good parallax sub-sample” of Bonifacio et al. (2021) and are plotted for reference. Filled blue and yellow stars indicate targets classified as halo and thick disc, respectively. Filled circles are GSE (red), bulge (magenta) stars. Green crosses are Seq star. Filled cyan squares are young stars.
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