Temporal evolution of the kinetic (red lines) and magnetic (black lines) energies for the fiducial dynamo run U0 (𝒩 = 0, Re = 5 × 10⁴, Pm = 1, and ). The axisymmetric toroidal kinetic energy of the forced azimuthal flow is the dominant energy contribution (not shown) and has been subtracted from the calculation of the total kinetic energy. The lower (upper) horizontal axis shows time scaled in units of the rotation timescale τ_Ω = 1/Ω_a (Ohmic diffusion time τ_Ohm).