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Fig. 7.

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Time evolution of the radial profiles of the actual and radiative temperature gradients ∇ and ∇rad, respectively, in the 2.5D simulation with b = 104 and Nr = 1024. The gradients are normalised using the adiabatic temperature gradient ∇ad. Simulation time is given as a fraction of the thermal timescale τth on the colour bar. Each curve, except for that showing the initial condition, corresponds to a time average over 0.05τth. The inset zooms in onto the convective-penetration layer with dots marking the location of the steepest gradient in ∇/∇ad.

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