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Table 2.

Mean standard deviations of the tilt angles of the emerging BMRs in our model.

Magnetic flux range [Mx] Observed σtilt Fitted σtilt
3.0 × 1018 − 4.0 × 1020 107° (60.0%) 108° (59.5%)
4.0 × 1020 − 1.0 × 1023 46° (95.0%) 37° (98.5%)
1.0 × 1021 − 4.6 × 1021 30° (99.7%) 33° (99.4%)
1.0 × 1021 − 1.0 × 1023 25° (100%) 28° (99.9%)
4.6 × 1021 − 1.0 × 1023 18° (100%) 17° (100%)

Notes. Listed are: the magnetic flux ranges, the approximate estimates of the standard deviation derived from observations (Harvey 1993; Schunker et al. 2020, see text for details) and values returned by the best-fit approximation to these values, see Eq. (10). The values in the brackets are the percentage of regions that obey Hale’s law.

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