The bouncing barrier revisited: Impact on key planet formation processes and observational signatures

Open Access

Fig. 2

Assumed Maxwell-Boltzmann-like distribution function for the relative velocities between colliding dust particles and the three regimes of collisional outcomes. This figure is the direct equivalent of Fig. 6-left of Stammler & Birnstiel (2022), with υ_b = 30 cm s⁻¹ and υ_f = 100 cm s⁻¹.

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