Panel a: a time-domain data sample. Noise represented as the blue curve represents, while the yellow curve shows the gravitational wave (a). The sample’s S/N is 15.739. The observation time for the signal is 1 month, with a frequency range of 0.4036 Hz–1 Hz. The gravitational wave source is a binary neutron star system with a combined mass of (1.4 + 1.4) M_⊙ and a luminosity distance of D_L = 3 Gpc. Other parameters are set as described in Sect. 2.3. Panel b: corresponding feature of (a), obtained through a single-layer convolutional neural network convoluting with raw data. The horizontal axis of the (b) represents the data length, while the vertical axis represents the normalized feature amplitude.