Maximum flux density of all valid dust distributions at observing wavelengths corresponding to ALMA bands 10 to 3 and the ngVLA at an observing frequency of 93 GHz (λ ≈ 3220 µm). Three approaches were used to deal with the observational uncertainties: no uncertainties (, ) in blue; plus NIR, minus MIR uncertainty (, ) in gold; and minus NIR, plus MIR uncertainty (, ) in red. Dashed horizontal lines indicate instrument sensitivity as three times the RMS for exposure times of t_exp = 1 h (green) and 8 h (red).