Optical spectropolarimetry of large C-complex asteroids: Polarimetric evidence for heterogeneous surface compositions

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Volume 677 (September 2023)

A&A, 677 (2023) A146

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Table 2

Basic profiles, polarimetric and spectroscopic parameters of the asteroids used in this study and their references.

Ast.	p_V^(a)	D_e^(b) (km)	a^(c)	Taxon.^(d)	α₀^(e) (º)	\|P_min\|^(f) (%)	Bend^(g)	0.7-µm band		3-µm	Reference

								λ_c^(h)(µm)	Depth	Group⁽ⁱ⁾	0.7 µm	3 µm
1	0.090	939.4	middle	G/C	18.36 ± 0.09		0 05 ± 0 01	N	N	NST	1	2
2	0.155	513	middle	B/B	18.88 ± 0.06		0 01 ± 0 04	–	–	ST	–	3
10	0.072	407.12	outer	C/C	18.28 ± 0.09		0 06 ± 0 01	~0.66	1.0 ± 0.1	NST	4	2
13	0.049	202.636	middle	G/Ch	21.69 ± 0.33		0.11 ± 0.03	~0.68	2.4 ± 0.1	ST	4	3
24	0.067	198	outer	C/B	20.16 ± 0.22		0 05 ± 0 01	~0.67	3.5 ± 0.1	NST	1	5
31	0.053	267.080	outer	C Cb	19.90 ± 0.24		0.04 ± 0.02	N	N	NST	4	2
35	0.066	103.055	outer	C/C	21.07 ± 0.39		0.12 ± 0.01	–	–	–	–	–
41	0.059	205.495	middle	C/Ch	20.25 ± 0.75		0.11 ± 0.02	~0.69	3.3 ± 0.2	ST	1	3
45	0.045	202.327	middle	FC/C	16.40 ± 0.17		0.03 ± 0.02	N	N	NST	1	6
46	0.046	131.471	middle	Xc^★	17.71 ± 0.27		−0.01 ± 0.01	–	–	U	–	7
47	0.082	168.174	outer	C/B	17.99 ± 0.27		0.03 ± 0.03	N	N	–	4	–
48	0.065	216.473	outer	CG/Ch	23.65 ± 1.50		0.12 ± 0.01	~0.68	2.3 ± 0.1	ST	4	3
49	0.048	166.252	outer	CG/Ch	21.35 ± 0.22		0.15 ± 0.03	~0.71	5.4 ± 0.4	ST	8	7
51	0.100	138.159	inner	CU/Ch	20.78 ± 0.07		0.09 ± 0.01	~0.71	5.3 ± 0.2	ST	1	3
54	0.059	160.120	middle	Ch^★	21.92 ± 0.28		0.11 ± 0.03	~0.68	3.9 ± 0.1	ST	4	5
56	0.057	121.333	middle	P^★	20.00 ± 0.29		0.04 ± 0.02	N	N	ST	4	7
58	0.044	106.517	middle	C/Ch	22.22 ± 1.71		0.08 ± 0.01	~0.71	2.4 ± 0.1	–	4	–
59	0.044	165.119	middle	CP/B	19.01 ± 0.20		−0.05 ± 0.01	–	–	NST	–	6
62	0.048	106.921	outer	BU/Ch	20.23 ± 0.24		0.05 ± 0.03	N	N	–	9	–
76	0.058	145.423	outer	Xc^★	20.12 ± 1.5		0.04 ± 0.03	–	–	NST	–	10
78	0.071	120.60	middle	C/Ch	21.81 ± 0.12		0.09 ± 0.01	~0.69	2.4 ± 0.1	ST	4	3
85	0.067	154.79	middle	FC/B	19.11 ± 0.12		0.02 ± 0.01	N	N	–	4	–
87	0.046	253.051	outer	P^★	20.52 ± 0.77		0.03 ± 0.04	–	–	U	–	7
88	0.067	232	middle	CF/B	19.07 ± 0.20		0.02 ± 0.01	–	–	NST	–	2
90	0.058	115.974	outer	C/C	20.25 ± 0.26		0.04 ± 0.02	~0.69	0.8 ± 0.1	NST	4	11
91	0.048	103.402	middle	CP/Ch	20.95 ± 1.2		0.11 ± 0.01	~0.71	2.9 ± 0.4	ST	8	5
93	0.056	154.155	middle	CU/C	19.14 ± 0.80		0.05 ± 0.02	N	N	NST	4	6
94	0.040	204.89	outer	CP/C	18.12 ± 0.51		0.02 ± 0.01	–	–	NST	–	6
96	0.048	177.774	outer	T/T	20.84 ± 0.58		−0.02 ± 0.01	~0.60	1.6 ± 0.1	ST	12	12
117	0.027	208.974	outer	XC/C	22.19 ± 2.63		0.05 ± 0.01	–	–	ST	–	6
120	0.058	155.132	outer	C/C	–	–	0.06 ± 0.01	N	N	ST	4	5
128	0.067	162.515	outer	C/C	19.70 ± 0.42		0.02 ± 0.02	N	N	ST	1	7
140	0.068	109.79	middle	P^★	21.42 ± 0.83		0.00 ± 0.01	N	N	NST	4	7
141	0.067	117.916	middle	CPF/Ch	21.03 ± 0.43		0.07 ± 0.02	~0.71	4.1 ± 0.3	–	8	–
145	0.061	127.783	middle	C/Ch	21.50 ± 0.65		0.07 ± 0.02	~0.70	3.6 ± 0.1	ST	4	7
153	0.062	170.63	outer	P^★	16.91 ± 0.99		0.02 ± 0.02	N	N	NST	4	5
165	0.047	180.083	outer	CD/Cb	19.07 ± 0.23		0.03 ± 0.01	–	–	NST	–	13
175	0.094	94.532	outer	C/Cg	18.29 ± 0.56		0.17 ± 0.03	N	N	NST	4	6
185	0.062	160.464	middle	C/C	19.30 ± 0.23		0.04 ± 0.02	N	N	NST	4	6
194	0.057	161.667	middle	C/C	20.90 ± 0.17		0.08 ± 0.01	~0.69	2.7 ± 0.1	–	4	–
200	0.053	128.301	middle	C/Ch	20.91 ± 0.21		0.06 ± 0.02	~0.70	2.2 ± 0.3	ST	1	3
241	0.058	168.90	outer	CP/B	20.36 ± 1.00		−0.01 ± 0.01	–	–	NST	–	6
247	0.064	130.935	middle	Xc^★	19.90 ± 0.27		0.05 ± 0.02	–	–	NST	–	6
259	0.043	174.318	outer	Xc^★	19.49 ± 0.39		0.05 ± 0.01	N	N	ST	4	6
308	0.047	128.578	middle	T/T	21.20 ± 0.27		−0.01 ± 0.01	~0.60	5.0 ± 0.2	ST	12	5
324	0.050	220.691	middle	Xc^★	19.50 ± 0.17		0.07 ± 0.01	–	–	NST	–	2
350	0.048	128.729	outer	C/–	20.55 ± 0.40		0.07 ± 0.05	~0.69	3.1 ± 0.1	–	4	–
372	0.059	173.642	outer	BFC/B	20.89 ± 1.24		0.09 ± 0.01	N	N	–	4	–
381	0.064	127.639	outer	C/Cb	21.14 ± 1.87		0.06 ± 0.01	N	N	–	4	–
386	0.070	165.01	outer	Ch^★	19.81 ± 0.11		0.08 ± 0.01	~0.68	3.3 ± 0.1	ST	4	6
404	0.037	94.970	middle	C/Ch	20.94 ± 0.35		0.09 ± 0.01	~0.70	3.7 ± 0.5	ST	8	3
409	0.054	171.012	middle	P^★	19.82 ± 0.18		−0.02 ± 0.01	N	N	–	4	–
419	0.034	148.701	middle	F/–	15.97 ± 0.39		0.01 ± 0.02	N	N	U	4	7
420	0.044	138.699	outer	Xc^★	19.44 ± 0.51		–	–	–	–	–	–
423	0.067	175.859	outer	C/C	20.87 ± 2.19		0.07 ± 0.01	–	–	NST	–	6
431	0.055	101.900	outer	B/B	19.83 ± 0.26		0.02 ± 0.01	–	–	–	–	–
444	0.051	159.311	middle	C/C	20.22 ± 0.11		0.05 ± 0.01	~0.69	1.5 ± 0.1	ST	1	6
451	0.058	155.132	outer	C/C	20.19 ± 1.43		0 01 ± 0 01	–	–	NST	–	2
476	0.035	138.493	middle	P^★	19.98 ± 0.23		0 00 ± 0 01	N	N	U	4	7
511	0.076	270.327	outer	C/C	19.50 ± 0.12		0 04 ± 0 01	~0.72	–	ST	14	7
654	0.027	160.736	inner	C/Ch	20.34 ± 0.27		0 05 ± 0 02	~0.67	2.3 ± 0.1	ST	4	3
704	0.078	306.313	outer	F/B	15.46 ± 0.10		0 04 ± 0 01	N	N	NST	4	2
762	0.040	147.343	outer	F/–	18.29 ± 0.70		0 00 ± 0 49	–	–	–	–	–
1021	0.045	100.765	middle	F/B	17.32 ± 0.25		−0 01 ± 0 04	N	N	–	4	–

Notes. ^(a) Visible geometric albedo.^(b)Effective diameters in kilometers. p_V and D_e are quoted from JPL Small-Body Database².^(c)Semimajor axis. The main asteroid belt is divided into three zones based on the semimajor axis: inner (a < 2.502 au), middle (2.502 au ≤ a ≤ 2.825 au), and outer (a > 2.825 au).^(d)Tholen (Tholen 1984) and Bus-DeMeo (DeMeo et al. 2009) taxonomies. When the two systems classify an object into different classes, C types have the lowest priority. The selected taxonomic type is highlighted in bold. Asteroids footnoted with stars (★) were re-classified in this study for consistent analysis based on our selection criteria (Appendix A).^(e)Inversion angle in degrees.^(f)Polarization minimum in absolute numbers in percent.^(g)Modified bend parameter (Eq. (5)). The original expression was suggested by McCord & Chapman (1975a,b).^(h)Band center in micrometers. As in the reference studies, we use micrometer units for the 0.7-µm and 3-µm band properties. ‘N’ and ‘–’ denote non-detection and no available data, respectively.⁽ⁱ⁾3-µm band classification criteria following Rivkin et al. (2022). ‘U’ denotes unclear.

References. (1) Fornasier et al. (1999); (2) Rivkin et al. (2019); (3) Rivkin et al. (2015b); (4) Fornasier et al. (2014); (5) Takir & Emery (2012); (6) Rivkin et al. (2022); (7) Usui et al. (2019); (8) This study; (9) Yang (2009); (10) Hargrove et al. (2012); (11) Hargrove et al. (2015); (12) Kwon et al. (2022b); (13) Takir et al. (2023); (14) Hiroi et al. (1993).

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