Cold Jupiters and improved masses in 38 Kepler and K2 small planet systems from 3661 HARPS-N radial velocities - No excess of cold Jupiters in small planet systems

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Volume 677 (September 2023)

A&A, 677 (2023) A33

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Table 1

Kepler and K2 systems in our sample.

System	Multiple/single transiting system	M_s [M_⊙]	R_s [R_⊙]	T_eff [K]	[Fe/H] [dex]	Age [Gyr]	N_RV tot	N_RV ΗΝ	N_Dat	Duration [day]	System and/or literature data reference
Kepler-10	m	0.910 ±0.021	1.065 ±0.009	5708 ± 28	−0.15 ±0.04		291	291	2⁽¹⁾	4021	1
Kepler-19	s	0.936 ± 0.040	0.859 ±0.018	5541 ± 60	−0.13 ±0.06	1.9 ± 1.7	104	104	2⁽¹⁾	2912	2, 3
Kepler-20	m	0.929 ± 0.053		5495 ± 50	0.07 ± 0.08		161	131	2	3669	4, this work⁽²)
Kepler-21	s			6305 ± 50	−0.03 ±0.10	2.84 ±0.35	98	98	1	1972	5, 6
Kepler-22	s		0.869 ±0.011	5596 ± 61	−0.255 ± 0.065		70	55	3⁽¹⁾	3913	7, this work⁽²ⁱ
Kepler-37	m			5357 ± 68	−0.36 ± 0.05		145	114	2	3424	7, 8
Kepler-68	m		1.2564 ± 0.0084	5847 ± 75	0.11 ±0.06		225	143	2	4521	9, 10
Kepler-78	s			5058 ± 50	−0.18 ±0.08	N.A.	201	117	2	2312	11, 12, 13
Kepler-93	s	0.911 ±0.033	0.919 ±0.011	5669 ± 75	−0.18 ±0.10	6.6 ± 0.9	153	121	2	4435	14, 15
Kepler-102	m	0.803 ±0.021	0.724 ±0.018	4909 ± 98	0.11 ±0.04		146	74	3⁽¹⁾	3746	16
Kepler-103	m			6009 ± 64	0.16 ±0.04	N.A.	60	60	1	1594	17
Kepler-107	m	1.238 ±0.029	1.447 ±0.014	5854 ±61	0.321 ± 0.065		121	121	1	2180	18
Kepler-109	m		1.387 ±0.021	5950 ± 62	−0.020 ± 0.065		66	51	2	3663	7, this work⁽²⁾
Kepler-323	m			6004 ± 71	−0.14 ±0.07		48	48	1	2237	this work⁽²⁾
Kepler-409	s			5421 ± 64	0.05 ± 0.07		65	40	2	3362	7, this work⁽²⁾
Kepler-454	s		1.066 ±0.012	5687 ± 49	0.32 ± 0.08		147	111	2	4404	19
Kepler-538	s			5534 ± 61	−0.09 ± 0.065		111	85	2	3336	20
Kepler-1655	s	1.03 ±0.04	1.03 ±0.02	6148 ±71	−0.24 ± 0.05	2.56 ± 1.06	97	97	1	1566	21
Kepler-1876	s			6104 ±57	0.01 ± 0.06		70	70	1	464	this work⁽²⁾
K2-2/HIP 116454	s	0.755 ± 0.027	0.716 ±0.024	5089 ± 50	−0.16 ±0.08	N.A.	108	108	2	2367	22
K2-3	m	0.62 ± 0.06	0.60 ± 0.06	3835 ± 70	−0.01 ± 0.09	> 1	327	195	3	898	23
K2-12	s		1.117 ±0.014	5672 ± 63	0.00 ± 0.07		50	50	1	2535	this work⁽²⁾
K2-36	m	0.79 ±0.01		4916 ± 37		N.A.	86	86	1	1865	24
K2-38	m		1.141 ±0.012	5705 ± 66	0.235 ± 0.070		97	40	4	1576	25, this work⁽²⁾
K2-79	s			5897 ±118	0.035 ± 0.060	6.5 ± 1.3	77	77	1	1517	26
K2-96/HD3167	m			5261 ± 60	0.04 ± 0.05	7.8 ± 4.3	471	213	5	1940	13, 27, 28, 29
K2-106	s		0.988 ±0.011	5532 ± 62	0.11 ±0.07		111	44	4	1231	30, 31, this work⁽²⁾
K2-110	s	0.738 ±0.018	0.713 ±0.020	5010 ±50	−0.34 ± 0.03	8±3	32	15	2	1470	32
K2-111	s	0.84 ±0.02	1.25 ±0.02	5775 ± 70	−0.46 ± 0.05		155	114	1	1590	33, 34
K2-131	s	0.803 ± 0.034		5120 ±71	−0.04 ± 0.07		114	83	2	463	35, this work⁽²⁾
K2-135/GJ9827	m			4305 ± 49	−0.26 ± 0.09		127	50	4	3922	36,37,38
K2-141	m	0.708 ± 0.028	0.681 ±0.018	4570 ± 100	0.00 ± 0.06		74	49	2	1501	39,40
K2-167	s			6011 ± 60	−0.40 ± 0.06		82	82	1	2208	this work⁽²⁾
K2-222	s		1.115 ±0.029	5942 ±119	−0.315 ± 0.060		70	70	1	1599	26
K2-262/Wolf 503	s			4716 ± 60	−0.47 ± 0.08	11 ±2	84	25	4	1116	41,42
K2-263	s	0.88 ±0.03	0.85 ± 0.02	5368 ± 44	−0.08 ± 0.05	7±4	95	95	1	1545	43
K2-312/HD 80653	s	1.18 ±0.04	1.22 ±0.01	5959 ± 61	0.255 ± 0.065	2.67 ± 1.20	208	208	1	1068	44
K2-418/EPIC-229004835	s	0.97 ± 0.04	0.999 ± 0.008	5868 ± 60	−0.12 ±0.05		126	126	1	845	45

Notes. From left to right, the columns report the name of the system, the multiplicity of transiting planets, the stellar parameters (mass, radius, effective temperature, metallicity and isochronological age), the number of radial velocities from all surveys (N_RV tot), the number of HARPS-N radial velocities (N_RV HN), the number of radial-velocity datasets (N_Dat), the total duration of the radial-velocity time series, and the literature references for both the stellar parameters and the radial-velocity measurements. Table also available at the CDS.⁽¹⁾ Two datasets were considered for the HARPS-N data, because the replacement of the red side of the HARPS-N CCD in late September 2012 resulted in a different zero point for the RVs gathered after that epoch. ⁽²⁾The new system parameters M_s, R_s, and age were derived with the public EXOFASTv2 tool by fitting the stellar SED and using the MIST evolutionary tracks. Gaussian priors were imposed on the T_eff and [Fe/H], as derived from the analysis of the HARPS-N spectra, and on stellar parallax from Gaia EDR3 (see text for more details).

References. (1) Dumusque et al. (2014); (2) Ballard et al. (2011); (3) Malavolta et al. (2017); (4) Buchhave et al. (2016); (5) Howell et al. (2012); (6) López-Morales et al. (2016); (7) Bryan et al. (2019); (8) Rajpaul et al. (2021); (9) Mills et al. (2019); (10) Margini et al. (in prep.); (11) Pepe et al. (2013); (12) Howard et al. (2013); (13) Dai et al. (2019); (14) Dressing et al. (2015); (15) Marcy et al. (2014); (16) Brinkman et al. (2023); (17) Dubber et al. (2019); (18) Bonomo et al. (2019); (19) Gettel et al. (2016); (20) Mayo et al. (2019); (21) Haywood et al. (2018); (22) Vanderburg et al. (2015); (23) Damasso et al. (2018); (24) Damasso et al. (2019); (25) Toledo-Padron et al. (2020); (26) Nava et al. (2022); (27) Christiansen et al. (2017); (28) Gandolfi et al. (2017); (29) Bourrier et al. (2022); (30) Sinukoff et al. (2017); (31) Guenther et al. (2017); (32) Osborn et al. (2017); (33) Fridlund et al. (2017); (34) Mortier et al. (2020); (35) Dai et al. (2017); (36) Teske et al. (2018); (37) Prieto-Arranz et al. (2018); (38) Rice et al. (2019); (39) Malavolta et al. (2018); (40) Barragán et al. (2018); (41) Peterson et al. (2018); (42) Polanski et al. (2021); (43) Mortier et al. (2018); (44) Frustagli et al. (2020); (45) Tronsgaard et al. (in prep.).

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