Table 2
Heating rates and magnetic field variations ∆B for different inclinations of the stellar dipole I, orbital distances, and stellar rotation periods.
| Inclination | ∆B (G) | Total heating (erg s−1) |
|---|---|---|
| 5° | 0.114 | 9.4 × 1018 |
| 10° | 0.227 | 3.7 × 1019 |
| 15° | 0.338 | 8.3 × 1019 |
| 20° | 0.447 | 1.4 × 1020 |
| Orbital distance | ∆B (G) | Total heating (erg s−1) |
|---|---|---|
| 0.015 | 0.132 | 1.4 × 1019 |
| 0.02 | 0.056 | 2.6 × 1018 |
| 0.025 | 0.028 | 7.0 × 1017 |
| 0.03 | 0.016 | 2.4 × 1017 |
| 0.04 | 0.007 | 4.3 × 1016 |
| 0.05 | 0.003 | 1.1 × 1016 |
| Stellar rotation period | ∆B (G) | Total heating (erg s−1) |
|---|---|---|
| 5h | 0.447 | 1.5 × 1019 |
| 10h | 0.447 | 2.5 × 1017 |
| 20 h | 0.447 | 2.5 × 1018 |
| 40 h | 0.447 | 5.8 × 1018 |
| 240 h | 0.447 | 9.1 × 1018 |
Notes. For comparison, the total energy release in Io’s interiors due to tidal heating equals ~6.15 × 1013 W or 6.15 × 1020 erg s−1 (Veeder et al. 2012). Default values of orbital inclination and orbital distance are 20° and 0.01 au, respectively.
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